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在新冠肺炎疫情席卷全球的第一年，世界经济发展明显放缓，全球年平均颗粒物污染水平（PM2.5）相比起2019年的水平来说却基本没有变化。与此同时，越来越多的研究证据表明，就算是暴露在非常低水平的空气污染之下，人类健康也会收到明显的伤害。这导致世界卫生组织（WHO）在最近修改了其颗粒物污染暴露水平的安全健康标准（从10微克每立方米降至5微克每立方米）。这使世界上大部分地区(全球97.3%人口的居住地)被归纳为空气不安全地区。
-6月-2
Since the Clean Air Act was enacted in 1970, particulate pollution has declined by 64.2 percent—extending the life expectancy of an average American by 1.3 years. Despite this success, the latest scientific evidence on the impact of air pollution at even the low levels that exist in much of the United States reveals that 92.8 percent of the population are now considered to be living in areas with unsafe levels of pollution, according to the new World Health Organization (WHO) guideline of 5 μg/m³. That’s up from 7.6 percent under the previous WHO guideline of 10μg/m³. While there is potential for further progress, the health benefits of clean air in the United States are smaller than in many other parts of the world.
-6月-2
在新冠肺炎疫情席卷全球的第一年，世界经济发展明显放缓，全球年平均颗粒物污染水平（PM2.5）相比起2019年的水平来说却基本没有变化。与此同时，越来越多的研究证据表明，就算是暴露在非常低水平的空气污染之下，人类健康也会收到明显的伤害。这导致世界卫生组织（WHO）在最近修改了其颗粒物污染暴露水平的安全健康标准（从10微克每立方米降至5微克每立方米）。这使世界上大部分地区(全球97.3%人口的居住地)被归纳为空气不安全地区。
-6月-2
India is the world’s second most polluted country. Air pollution shortens average Indian life expectancy by 5 years, relative to what it would be if the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline fine particulate pollution (PM2.5) of 5μg/m3 was met. Some areas of India fare much worse than average, with air pollution shortening lives by almost 10 years in the National Capital Territory of Delhi, the most polluted city in the world.
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-6月-2
Air pollution’s impact on life expectancy in Nigeria is greater than that of HIV/AIDS and almost on par with malaria and unsafe water and sanitation, shortening the average Nigerian’s life expectancy by 1.8 years, relative to what it would be if the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline of 5 μg/m3 was met.1 Some areas of Nigeria fare much worse than average, with air pollution shortening lives by almost 4 years on average in parts of Taraba state in Northeastern Nigeria.
-6月-2
In 2020, South Korea was amongst the top 50 most polluted countries in the world in terms of average concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5). The AQLI shows that an average resident of South Korea stands to gain 1.5 years of life expectancy if the PM2.5 concentration is reduced to meet the World Health Organisation’s (WHO) guideline of 5 μg/m3. The gain is even higher in the most polluted parts of South Korea. For example, residents of the Municipal Level Division of Osan (in the Province level division of Gyeonggi-do) stand to gain almost 2 years of life expectancy on average.
-6月-2
Nepal is the world’s third most polluted country. Air pollution shortens average Nepalese life expectancy by 4.1 years, relative to what it would be if the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline of 5 μg/m3 was met.1 The highest concentrations of air pollution are observed in Nepal’s southwestern districts, which share their borders with the highly-polluted Indo-Gangetic Plain of India. Here, residents stand to lose nearly 7 years of life expectancy.
-6月-2
Pakistan is the world’s fourth most polluted country. Air pollution shortens the average Pakistani’s life expectancy by 3.8 years, relative to what it would be if the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline of 5 μg/m3 was met.1 Some areas of Pakistan fare much worse than average, with air pollution shortening lives by almost 7 years in the country’s most polluted regions, like Lahore and Peshawar.
-6月-2
Bangladesh is the world’s most polluted country. Air pollution shortens the average Bangladeshi’s life expectancy by 6.9 years, relative to what it would be if the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline of 5 μg/m³ was met. Some areas of Bangladesh fare much worse than average, with air pollution shortening lives by nearly 9 years in Dhaka, the country’s most polluted city.
-6月-2
In Central and West Africa, regions together comprising 27 countries and 605 million people, the average person is exposed to particulate pollution levels that are more than 4 times the World Health Organization’s (WHO) guideline of 5 μg/m³1. If these particulate pollution levels persist, average life expectancy in the regions would be 1.6 years lower, and a total of 971 million person-years would be lost, relative to if air quality met the WHO guideline. The Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda and Burundi, are the top three most polluted countries in the region.
-6月-2
Thanks to sustained enforcement of strong policies, Europeans are exposed to 24.1 percent less particulate pollution than they were two decades ago, gaining 4 months of life expectancy because of it. Despite this success, the latest scientific evidence on the impact of air pollution at even the low levels that exist in much of Europe reveals that 95.5 percent of the population are now living in areas with unsafe levels of pollution, according to the World Health Organization’s (WHO) updated 5 μg/m3 guideline. That’s up from 47.2 percent under the WHO’s previous guideline of 10 μg/m3.
-6月-2
Virtually all (99.9 percent) of Southeast Asia’s 656.1 million people live in areas where particulate pollution exceeds the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline of 5 μg/m³. Despite the lockdowns of the pandemic, pollution continued to rise in much of Southeast Asia in 2020. This pollution cuts short the life expectancy of the average Southeast Asian person by 1.5 years, relative to what it would be if the WHO guideline was met. That’s a total of 959.8 million person-years lost to pollution in the eleven countries that make up this region. Some countries in the region experience greater impacts from pollution.
-6月-2
Air pollution shortens the average Indonesian’s life expectancy by 1.2 years, relative to what it would have been if the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline (5 μg/m³) was met.1 Some areas of Indonesia fare much worse than average, with air pollution shortening lives by more than 2.8 years in the most polluted region (Depok city in the Province of Jawa Barat).
-6月-2
Thailand is among the most polluted countries in Southeast Asia with particulate pollution reaching 23.8 μg/m3 in 2020, nearly 5 times higher than the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline. At current pollution levels, air pollution is shortening the average Thai resident’s life expectancy by 1.8 years relative to what it would be if the WHO guideline was permanently met. But in the Northern region (Lanna), air pollution levels are 18 to 52 percent higher than the national average, and the gains from clean air are 2 to 3 years.
See Past Reports
-9月-2
The average Indonesian can expect to lose 2.5 years of life expectancy at current pollution levels, according to the Air Quality Life Index (AQLI), because air quality fails to meet the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline for concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5). The pollution index shows that the health impacts of particulate pollution are the greatest in Depok, Bandung, and Jakarta, where particulate pollution concentrations are the highest.
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-9月-2
自从七年前中国开展 "反污染战争 "以来，中国的污染水平一直在下降。2020年保持着同样的下降趋势，与2013年 相比，污染水平下降了约40%。如果迄今的变化能够保持下去，中国公民的平均寿命由于环境的改善可望延长2年。尽管如此，中国还有很长的路要走。虽然中国境内的空气已经达到了国家空气质量标准（35微克每立方米），但空气 污染水平仍然大大超过世卫组织的标准（5微克每立方米）。
See Past Reports
-9月-2
在过去的一年里，新冠肺炎封锁措施为地球上一些污染最为严重的地区带来了蓝天白云，但在世界的另一端，被愈加高温和干燥的气候而加剧了的野火把烟雾送到了数千英里之外的城市上空。这两个大相径庭的生活现状为我们呈现了两个形成鲜明对比的未来，而区分这两种未来的关键就在于减少化石燃料消耗的政策。空气质量寿命指数（AQLI）的全新数据强调了对空气污染毫无作为的社会危害性。除非全球颗粒物污染水平下降到世界卫生组织（WHO）认可的安全水准，人类的预期寿命将平均缩短2.2年。对于空气污染最严重地区的居民，他们的预期寿命可能将缩短超过5年。悄无声息的PM2.5污染对人类预期寿命的影响比肺结核、艾滋病、吸烟甚至战争等传染病和行为健康风险都更具破坏性。
-2月-2
近二十年来，中国一直是世界上污染最严重的前五个国家之一。但自 2014 年成功发起了一场“蓝天保卫战” 之后，中国的细颗粒物污染减少了约 40%——近年来跌出了污染最严重国家排名的前五位。事实上，从 2013 年到 2018 年，全球细颗粒物污染降幅中近四分之三来自中国。如果这种趋势保持下去，中国人的预期寿命将延长 2年。京津冀是 2013 年中国污染最严重的地区之一，目前细颗粒物污染减少了 41%，如果保持下去，该地区 1.08亿居民的预期寿命将延长 3.4 年。
-7月-2
近二十年来，中国一直是世界上污染最严重的前五个 国家之一。但自2014 年成功发起了一场“蓝天保卫战” 之后，中国的细颗粒物污染减少了约40%——近年来跌 出了污染最严重国家排名的前五位。事实上，从2013 年 到2018 年，全球细颗粒物污染降幅中近四分之三来自中 国。如果这种趋势保持下去，中国人的预期寿命将延长2 年。京津冀是2013 年中国污染最严重的地区之一，目前 细颗粒物污染减少了41%，如果保持下去，该地区1.08 亿居民的预期寿命将延长3.4 年。
-7月-2
来自空气质量寿命指数 (“AQLI”) 的最新数据显示，在新冠肺炎爆发之前，空气污染是人类健康的最大威胁，在新冠肺炎之后，如果没有强大而持续的公共政策，空气污染仍将是最大威胁。世界很多地区还没有充分认识到空气污染的严重性，数十亿人的寿命可能因此缩短，健康状况恶化。
-7月-2
Indonesia is today the world’s ninth most polluted country. Air pollution shortens the average Indonesian’s life expectancy by 2 years, relative to what it would have been if the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline was met. Some areas of Indonesia fare much worse than average, with air pollution shortening lives by more than 7 years in the most polluted region.
-10月-2
More than 480 million people, or about 40 percent of India’s population, reside in the seven states and union territories comprising the bulk of the Indo-Gangetic Plain region of north India – Bihar, Chandigarh, Delhi, Haryana, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal (Figure 1). Though the Indo-Gangetic Plain’s particulate pollution is exacerbated by geologic and meteorological factors, the AQLI’s dust- and sea salt-removed fine particulate matter (PM2.5) data imply that human activity plays a key role in generating the severe particulate pollution that these residents face. That is likely due to the fact that the region’s population density is more than three times that of the rest of the country, meaning more pollution from vehicular, residential, and agricultural sources. A denser population also means more human lives are impacted by each pollution source. Across India, reducing particulate pollution to the World Health Organization’s guideline of 10 μg/m3 would increase the national average life expectancy by 4.3 years. In north India, there would be outsize impacts of policy that reduces air pollution to meet Indian or International norms.
-1月-2
In 2019, India declared a “war against pollution” and launched its National Clean Air Programme (NCAP), signaling its desire to reduce particulate air pollution—the greatest threat to human health on the planet. The Programme, which aims to reduce particulate pollution by 20-30 percent nationally, will be implemented over the next five years. If successful in meeting its goals and sustaining the reduced pollution levels, the NCAP would produce substantial benefits, extending the life expectancy of the average Indian by about 1.3 years. People breathing the most polluted air—namely those in Delhi and parts of Uttar Pradesh—could live up to 3 years longer. Further, the NCAP highlighted 102 cities containing about one quarter of the country’s population that fell short of India’s air standards. If all the cities permanently reduced particulate pollution by 25 percent (the midpoint of NCAP’s goal), their residents would gain 1.4 years. Though achieving the NCAP’s goals would be an important step toward reversing India’s 69 percent increase in fine particulate pollution (PM2.5) concentrations since 1998, India could achieve further gains in life expectancy for its citizens through additional pollution reductions that bring the country into compliance with its own official air quality standards or the World Health Organization’s (WHO) guidelines for PM2.5 concentrations.
-11月-2
空气质量寿命指数(AQLI)，在测量和表示颗粒物空气污染的健康风险方面，是一个全新突破。这是因为AQLI 将细颗粒物污染浓度转化为了一个重要的测量标准：对预期寿命的影响。AQLI 显示，与世界卫生组织认定的安全水平相比，全球人口平均遭受的细颗粒物空气污染使全球人类预期寿命缩短了近两年。这种预期寿命的减少使得细颗粒物污染的破坏性超过了传染性疾病，例如：结核病和艾滋病、吸烟等致命行为，甚至战争。
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